After pyrolysis of municipal sludge, pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue will be obtained. Pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas can be used directly instead of fuel, and the treatment of pyrolysis residue is one of the major topics that must be studied in the process of urban development. There are many ways to use the pyrolysis residue of municipal sludge, which not only helps to reduce the pollution of sludge to the environment, but also can achieve effective recycling and reuse of resources.
The main utilization direction of pyrolysis residue of sludge can be used as biofuel, landfill cover, raw materials for building materials, adhesives, flocculants and sintered bricks, etc. The following is a detailed summary of the utilization of pyrolysis residue of municipal sludge:
一、 As a raw material for building materials
1. Preparation of ceramsite: Due to its excellent structural characteristics, the pyrolysis residue of municipal sludge is suitable as a raw material for preparing ceramsite. Sludge ceramsite has the characteristics of high permeability, heat resistance, high porosity, high specific surface area and high strength, and is a good building material.
2. Production of eco-cement: Sludge residue can be used as an alternative raw material, with a mixing ratio of up to 15%, to produce eco-cement with similar mineral composition and comparable performance to traditional silicate cement. This eco-cement has high volcanic ash activity, which greatly improves the structural properties of cement.
3. Making clay bricks: Under appropriate conditions (such as 850℃ and 15% mass fraction), clay bricks can be produced using urban sludge. The cost of this clay brick is much lower than that of ordinary concrete bricks and ordinary clay bricks fired at high temperatures, and it has good economic benefits.
二、 As a soil conditioner
Using sludge residue as a conditioner can effectively reduce the thermal shrinkage of the soil and make it meet the use standards of landfill covering. At the same time, the nutrients in the sludge (such as P, K, etc.) will be enriched in the solid residue during the pyrolysis process. These residues are used as raw materials for carbon-based fertilizers to make forestry fertilizers or soil conditioners, which can achieve efficient utilization of resources.
三、 As an adsorbent and catalyst
1. Adsorbent: Sludge pyrolysis residue is porous and suitable for use as an adsorbent. Through activation treatment, adsorbents with good performance can be prepared for treating wastewater, waste gas, etc.
2. Catalyst: Sludge pyrolysis residue contains a certain amount of heavy metals, which have a certain catalytic effect on sludge pyrolysis. Therefore, sludge pyrolysis residue can be used as one of the catalysts for sludge pyrolysis, with the advantages of low price cost and high convenience.
四、Other utilization methods
1. Preparation of biofuel: Although pyrolysis residue mainly produces pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas during pyrolysis, the residue itself can also be used as one of the raw materials for biofuel, and can be converted into combustible substances through further treatment.
2. Mixed utilization: Sludge residue can also be mixed with other materials, such as mixed pyrolysis with wood to prepare cement-based composite materials, improve the electromagnetic shielding ability of building materials, etc.
In summary, there are many ways to utilize urban sludge pyrolysis residue, which not only help reduce the pollution of sludge to the environment, but also realize the effective recovery and reuse of resources. In practical applications, the appropriate utilization method should be selected based on the characteristics of the residue and local economic benefits, environmental requirements and other factors.
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