Insulation technology of pyrolysis equipment

 In the core field of pyrolysis technology, the insulation performance of pyrolysis equipment directly determines the energy conversion efficiency and product quality. As a key system for achieving high-temperature cracking of organic matter in an oxygen-deficient environment, insulation design is not only related to energy consumption costs, but also the lifeline for safe operation and environmental protection. Modern pyrolysis equipment has built an efficient thermal barrier system through multiple innovative technologies, converting every joule of heat into the power of resource regeneration.

1. Physical barrier of refractory lining. The inner wall of the reaction chamber is laid with multiple layers of composite refractory materials (such as ceramic fibers and microporous insulation boards), which can withstand high temperatures above 1200°C. This type of material blocks heat leakage through low thermal conductivity (usually ≤0.1 W/m·K) and resists chemical erosion by cracking gases. Thermal cycle gas curtain wall. Advanced equipment designs an annular gas interlayer on the reactor shell to introduce part of the combustible gas produced by cracking into the interlayer. These high-temperature gases (400-650°C) form a dynamic insulation layer outside the cavity, which not only reduces radiation heat dissipation, but also preheats the intake air flow to achieve cascade utilization of thermal energy. Vacuum insulation jacket. For low-temperature pyrolysis processes (such as sludge treatment), a double-layer stainless steel shell is used and evacuated to 10⁻³Pa. The vacuum environment eliminates gas convection heat conduction, and with the aluminum-plated reflective film, the heat loss rate is reduced to less than 5%.

2. Insulation is not only insulation, but also the art of dynamic thermal energy management. Intelligent waste heat reflux: The cracking tail gas is injected into the combustion chamber after purification to continuously supply energy for the reaction, so that the system energy self-sufficiency rate is increased to more than 70%; Phase change heat storage peak regulation: paraffin/metal salt phase change material (PCM) is embedded in the heating pipeline to absorb the heat of the flue gas trough and release it at the peak of heat use, maintaining temperature fluctuations ≤±5℃; Heat flow path optimization: Through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of thermal field distribution, adjust the layout of heating elements, and eliminate local overheating or low temperature dead corners.

3. Intelligent transition of thermal insulation control. The temperature control of modern pyrolysis equipment has entered the era of precision. An infrared temperature measurement array is arranged along the axial direction of the reactor to monitor the temperature gradient of each section in real time; based on the thermodynamic model (such as the Coats-Redfern equation), the temperature rise curve is predicted and the heating intensity is dynamically adjusted; combined with digital twin technology, the thermal response of different raw materials is previewed in the virtual space to generate the optimal thermal insulation strategy.

The thermal insulation system of the pyrolysis equipment has evolved from passive insulation to an active energy management hub. When the refractory lining locks the core heat, the gas curtain wall builds a flow barrier, and the intelligent algorithm dynamically balances the energy consumption, this steel container becomes a precision furnace for energy regeneration - it exchanges the minimum heat loss for the maximum cracking efficiency, and converts the waste biomass into the "black gold" that drives the green economy. The advancement of thermal insulation technology is quietly reshaping the boundaries of the economy and sustainability of the pyrolysis process.